Dr. Jennifer Selegeon, a practicing pediatrician for 20 years and clinical advisor to the digital pediatric platform ParentMD, says, “One of the most important things we can do for our overall health is learning good sleep hygiene. This starts during infancy.” She explains that sleep is important for our development, our mental health, our immune system, and our body systems.

Co-founder of Sleepy Planet Parenting, Jennifer Waldburger, MSW, concurs, explaining that proper shut-eye helps babies thrive on every level: physically, neurologically, and socially. That’s why her company’s mission is to help children “learn good sleep skills with a minimum of tears.”

So now that we’ve met our guides, let’s dig into exactly why babies cry in their sleep and suggestions for what to do when you hear those midnight calls.

1. Your baby is moving into a different phase of sleep.

You’re feeling ready for the different phases your baby will go through during infancy, but how about the different sleep phases? Young babies experience two cycles of sleep: active sleep and quiet sleep. During active sleep (or REM sleep), your baby may dream, their eyes might move rapidly back and forth, or they might make the cutest of noises that you should definitely record to share with the grandparents on Tinybeans. During quiet sleep, your baby sleeps deeply, but it’s during these transitions that crying may occur, Waldburger explains.

“Because the cycles repeat every 45-50 minutes, that means baby is shifting from quiet to active sleep often throughout the night,” Waldburger begins, “so it’s not uncommon to hear baby whimpering throughout the night—this is nothing to worry about.” Dr. Segeleon says babies will often cry in their sleep, and this does not always mean that something is wrong. “Crying during sleep can be perfectly normal, and newborns start off with short sleep cycles and can wake frequently.”

To determine if your baby is crying because of shifting sleep cycles, check to see if their eyes are still closed and listen to your little one’s cries. “What’s more common in some younger babies is an occasional light whimper while keeping their eyes closed. This usually means that baby is shifting from one sleep cycle to the next,” Waldburger says.

2. Your baby is hungry.

Waldburger says if your little one’s cry is louder than a whimper, consider whether or not your baby could be hungry. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that most babies need to eat every 2 to 4 hours. This means that your little one may wake up feeling a little “hangry” several times during the night.

A good rule when trying to decide if your baby’s sleepy cry is due to hunger and should be addressed is to wait and see if your little one continues to cry or is able to settle down quickly. If your infant’s belly is feeling empty, it’ll be tough for them to fall back asleep without this need being met. Waldburger says a louder cry usually means that the baby is awake (or almost awake), even if their eyes are still closed. That’s when it’s time to check your schedule and prep for a feeding session.

3. Your baby is teething.

The drool, the crankiness, and the gnawing on your shirt collar have begun—your baby is teething. Babies start teething around 4 to 8 months of age, per the Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles. This lasts until 30-36 months when that last set of molars appears. Some symptoms of your baby teething are loss of appetite, ear rubbing, and yup, you guessed it… sleep disruptions. Dr. Segeleon reassures that teething can trigger crying during sleep, and Waldburger adds that when it comes to teething, we differentiate between ongoing/chronic teething and active teething.

“In chronic teething, there can be some movement of teeth with small spikes of pain or discomfort,” she says. She goes on to explain that this kind of teething could lead to lighter crying, and there isn’t anything you need to do here. In active teething, however, when a tooth is breaking through the gum, this pain can cause your child to cry more intensely. During this type of crying, your kiddo’s eyes will more than likely be open (and they’ll be awake), so Waldburger suggests going to your baby right away to offer comfort, milk, or a pain reliever if your pediatrician has recommended that and guided you on the dosage.

4. Your baby is in a sleep regression.

Your baby was such a good sleeper that you were almost too embarrassed to tell your mom friends. Now, out of the blue, your super-sleeper is waking up and crying more often than you reheat your morning coffee. Sleep regression can be triggered when your infant reaches new milestones or when your baby’s sleep patterns change, according to the Cleveland Clinic. Crying and fussing while sleeping during a sleep regression is common, and it can be hard to tell if baby needs your comfort or needs space to self-soothe.

“Crying during sleep when nothing is really wrong should be short and is typically more of a whimper or brief crying out,” Dr. Selegeon says. As long as you know that the baby’s needs are met, you can wait a few minutes or more to see if they’re able to settle themselves without any intervention. Dr. Selegeon says that if the crying is sustained, or if it sounds like your baby may be in distress, it’s alright to check on them. If you’re still not sure how to handle your baby’s sleepy cries during a sleep regression, talk to your pediatrician to decide whether or not your baby is old enough to learn how to self-soothe to fall back to sleep on their own (at which point you can consider sleep training) or if they still need your comfort when falling asleep.

5. Your baby is overtired or overstimulated.

When your baby crosses over into the world of The Overtired, it can feel like you’re in a weird world of your own. Schedule changes, long periods without power naps, or being overstimulated can all contribute to this state, and you might hear some sleep-crying from your infant even though their eyes are shut tight and you believe them to be asleep. “Sometimes overtired babies are more likely to cry a bit in their sleep,” Waldburger says.

Since overtiredness (and overstimulation) can both cause your baby to cry in their sleep, do your best to intervene early. “Try to get baby down for sleep 10 to 15 minutes before you typically see red eyes, yawning, and fussy behavior—all of which are actually cues that baby is already overtired,” Waldburger says.

What should you do when your baby cries in their sleep?

Hearing your baby whimper, cry, or softly moan while sleeping can be unsettling. As parents, we can struggle with how best to comfort and support our infants. Dr. Segeleon says if you hear your baby crying in their sleep to first take a pause and see if they can settle themselves before you rush in and disturb their sleep pattern. “Listen for signs of true distress, because you’ll learn to differentiate your baby’s cries and needs with time and experience,” she assures. You can also double-check the room temperature, make sure your baby’s swaddle is still, well… swaddled, or confirm your little one isn’t gassy.

Waldburger reminds parents that if the baby is lightly whimpering and still asleep, there’s absolutely nothing you need to do. “Sometimes trying to comfort a baby in this case will wake them all the way up—making it harder for them to return to sleep.” If your baby’s needs have been met and they still continue crying lightly for 5 to 10 minutes, try placing a hand on your baby’s tummy, use some very gentle motion, and offer a “shhh” or two.

It’s good for parenting peace of mind to know that most babies will outgrow this sleep-crying phase by the time they’re 4 to 5 months old. In the meantime, both experts say that if you have any questions or concerns about your little one crying in their sleep, contact your pediatrician for more advice.

@the.mama.coach

The trick to better baby sleep? The diaper! You read that right! Let me know what you think and somenof your favourite baby sleep hacks! #newbaby #newmama #sleepybaby #babysleeptips #babysleephacks #babysleep #parentingtips #babytips

♬ original sound – Carrie Bruno RN, IBCLC, MSCP

Her suggestion is simple. She recommends changing your child’s diaper right after a feeding. Before shaking your head, consider her logic: “Most parents look at me like I have lost my mind, but it will help your baby sleep longer stretches. Let me tell you why. If you are using the principles of effective feeding, meaning you’ve watched for those big sucks and swallows and you end the feed before your baby falls asleep, that is helping move feeding away from sleep.” In other words, your baby will stop associating eating with sleeping.

Bruno explains that putting your baby back in their crib or bassinet while awake teaches them to recognize their surroundings. When they wake up after a sleep cycle, they’ll know where they are and (eventually) understand it’s still time to sleep, not get up and eat.

“Imagine if you went to sleep in your bedroom and woke up on the front lawn. It would be very startling. Your baby is the same way. If you feed them all the way to sleep or even to drowsy (stage one of sleep) and put them in their crib, they’ll be startled when they wake. And all babies wake in between sleep cycles. So if you do the extra step—change their diaper and put them in their crib—they might need help, and that’s okay—you shush them, pet their bum, stay with them till they fall asleep, you will see your baby sleep longer stretches,” she says.

Related: Baby Sleep Coach Shares Her Top Tips for Stopping 5 A.M. Wake-Ups

At a certain point past the newborn stage, allowing a baby to fall asleep during feeding causes issues like sucking to sleep association, the inability to self-soothe, and ongoing disrupted sleep for both the baby and the infant, per VeryWell Family. This is why Bruno’s tip is essential: “It teaches your baby to feed when they’re hungry and sleep when they’re tired. I am a huge proponent of changing the diaper after feeds because it makes a difference. So try it. Try it for a few nights and see what happens,” she says. We say, why not?

Dingle Dangle

Is it just us or is this actually brilliant? Keep your little one entertained (and still!) while changing, attach the Dingle Dangle to a crib or stroller for a portable mobile, or twist the cute octopus off the arm for your babe to play with on their own.

Dingle Dangle ($54.99)—Buy Here!

Ditty Co. Crossbody Diaper Bag

Yes, actually, we would love a cute crossbody that also doubles as a mini diaper bag. For short trips, quick changes, and times you just don't want to haul the whole nursery around with you. Available in 3 colors.

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Fisher-Price On the Go Baby Dome

Whether you're at home or on the go, the Fisher-Price On-the-Go Baby Dome offers a safe and cozy spot for your babe to play or nap. With a sun-blocking canopy and removable toys, it's perfect for outdoor adventures, overnight stays away from home, and just adjusting from room to room. It easily folds up and has handles for carrying.

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BabbleRoo 6-in-1 Baby & Toddler Carrier

Sure, you know all about baby carriers, but what about one that'll actually grow with your little one? Babbleroo's new Baby & Toddler Carrier features 6 carrying positions, supporting babes from 3-24 months, extra storage, and maximum comfort for you both. For a limited time, take 20% off with code GROW20!

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Evenflo Gold Revolve360 Extend All-in-One Rotational Car Seat

The Evenflo Gold Revolve360TM Extend All-in-One Rotational Car Seat is next level! Believe it or not, this car seat spins a full 360 degrees, making it a breeze to get your kiddo in and out of the car. It's like having an extra pair of hands. It also includes the peace of mind of the SensorSafe with real-time alerts to keep you connected to your little one when they're in the back seat. Plus, it's super safe with its steel-reinforced frame and extra-long rear-facing mode. Now you can hit the road knowing your little one is riding in style and safety. From 4lbs - 120lbs.

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Tiny Love Magical Tales Black & White Gymini

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GROWNSY Electric Nasal Aspirator

This electric baby nasal aspirator is not messing around. The nosepiece only requires two fingers, leaving other fingers free to stabilize your baby's head. It gives you a whole hand back and includes 3 suction levels so your little one can breathe, sleep, and eat even when they're stuffy.

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Dr. Brown's 2-in-1 Dry & Prep Silicone Mat

Your new kitchen sidekick. This handy mat not only keeps your countertops clean and dry during bottle prep but also doubles as a drying rack for your baby's feeding essentials. With its non-slip design and easy-to-clean silicone material, it's a must for busy parents (aren't all parents?).

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Fisher-Price 4-In-1 Sling ‘N Seat Tub

It's the bathtub you'll be able to use from the time you bring your baby home to toddlerhood (up to 25 lbs.).

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The Peanutshell Play Ring

With a super soft and textured cover and 360° support, the Peanutshell is the perfect play + lounge combination. The cover is machine-washable and the ring is inflatable, so it all folds flat for easy travel and storage.

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Arms Out Sleep Sack

For growing babies and little ones who wiggle out of traditional sleep sacks, this gentle compression long-sleeve sleep sack is perfect. Available in multiple colors, sizes 12lbs - 42lbs.

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Babyletto Kiwi Electronic Power Recliner & Swivel Glide

Comfort meets convenience with the Babyletto Kiwi Electronic Recliner and Swivel Glider. This stylish chair features electronic reclining and swiveling capabilities, making late-night feedings a breeze. Plus, its modern design will elevate any nursery decor style!

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The study followed 1,471 children, half male and half female, and measured their viewing of television or video at 12 months, 18 months, and 24 months of age. This was followed up with a measure of sensory processing at around 33 months, when caregivers filled out surveys about each toddler’s reaction to sensory inputs like lights, textures, and noises.

Babies who watched any television or videos at 12 months of age were twice as likely to experience challenges in processing sensory information appropriately, as compared with their peers. At 18 months, kids with higher levels of screen exposure were found to have both difficulties in processing sensory information as well as a higher motivation to avoid sensory exposure. By 24 months, the researchers saw higher screen time linked to sensation seeking, sensory sensitivity, and sensation-avoiding behaviors.

This comes on the heels of another recent study linking screen time to developmental delays in children. However, the causal relationship between screen time and these negative developmental and sensory outcomes can’t be proven at this time. “Further research is needed to understand the relationship between screen time and specific sensory-related developmental and behavioral outcomes, and whether minimizing early-life exposure can improve subsequent sensory-related outcomes,” says the JAMA Pediatrics study. It’s also important to gather more updated data, since this research started a decade ago when kids were more likely to be watching TV or DVDs rather than tablets or mom’s phone.

“Considering this link between high screen time and a growing list of developmental and behavioral problems, it may be beneficial for toddlers exhibiting these symptoms to undergo a period of screen time reduction, along with sensory processing practices delivered by occupational therapists,” lead author Dr. Karen Heffler, an associate professor of psychiatry in Drexel’s College of Medicine, said in a statement.

Now, we know what some of you may be thinking: Oh great, another study telling me I’m messing up and can’t rely on screen time? But even study researchers wouldn’t take that away from you. The bottom line is, if you think you’re relying on TV time a bit too heavily, try to dial it back. And make sure to mix in lots of family time playing with your baby face-to-face, showing them a wide range of emotions and expressions, reading to them, and engaging with toys. It’s all about balance.

1. Safety First
A crawling baby means a new round of babyproofing. Padding furniture corners, covering electrical outlets, tying up loose cords, and installing stairway gates are an excellent start, but there are plenty of less obvious spots that need to be secured. Add locks to toilets and cabinets or doors that conceal electronics, toiletries, cleaners, or glassware, and secure large furniture to the wall to prevent them from tipping over. Pro tip: To get a better sense of what could harm your baby, sit down and lie down on the floor to see your home from a baby’s level. You’ll discover sharp edges, dangling cords, and other potential hazards more easily.

2. Toilet Paper Tube Trick
Crawling babies have more access to items they can put in their mouths, whether that’s dog food or an older sibling’s LEGOs. Not sure what’s a choking hazard? Use the toilet paper tube trick. If the item fits through the tube, keep it out of baby’s reach.

3. Skin Saver 
Hard surfaces can damage a crawling baby’s delicate skin. Rough floors, concrete playgrounds or even carpets can cause scraped, bruised or raw knees from frequent contact. Save your baby’s knees—and pants—by slipping leg warmers or baby knee pads, like the cute ones above from Simply Kids, over baby’s legs. Pro tip: Baby knee pads are also good protection for wobbly toddlers who take frequent tumbles.

4. Staying Alert
Any time you venture out and about with a mobile baby, you’ll have to stay on kid watch like your baby’s life depends on it (because it does). Even new crawlers are shockingly quick. If you have any doubts about whether you can stay fully focused on your little explorer, play it safe and strap baby into a stroller or carrier.

5. Timing Is Everything
If you find yourself having trouble accomplishing tasks with a baby on the loose, adjust your schedule where you can. For example, cut down on time in the kitchen by relying on meal planning or quick prep and slow cooker recipes. Consider showering at night after baby’s bedtime and saving certain tasks for naptime or moments when you have someone else to watch your little mover.

6. Try Redirection
A crawling or toddling baby can leave quite a trail as they explore everything in reach. Keep a small basket of baby-safe toys and books in each room to capture their attention when necessary and keep them away from cereal boxes, markers, and other major messes.

7. Get Germ-Aware
Keeping a crawling baby clean when you’re away from home can be a challenge. Keep a stash of wipes and sanitizer in your diaper bag for outings, and a change of clothes in case of bigger messes.

8. Keep a Surprise Toy Stash
How can you entertain your little cruiser when you need to shower, take a phone call or respond to emails? Hide a stash of “surprise” toys that stay out of your regular toy rotation. Pulling out the basket of “new” trinkets can keep your mobile mini-me entertained for a few minutes while you take care of business or relax for some much-needed me time.

9. Plan a Pool Party!
Turn your blow-up pool into a ball pit by adding colorful plastic balls. Your child will have room to move freely while exploring, and you’ll rest easy knowing baby is contained and entertained.

10. Cook Up Some Quiet
If trying to prep pasta primavera with baby running amok (or attached to your leg) sounds like a recipe for disaster, put your babe in the high chair to watch you. Sing songs, tell stories, or offer an assortment of finger foods to keep them entertained. If you want to pretend you have your own cooking show, we won’t tell anybody.

11. Relocate Your Belongings
If you find yourself frequently cleaning up a certain area—whether baby is obsessed with pulling books off of your shelves or shoes out of your closet—save yourself the constant cleanup and move those belongings upward on higher shelves. Consider this the flooding stage of parenting. As your baby zooms through the house like a force of nature, you move items upwards to keep them out of baby’s wake.

12. Repeat After Us
If snagging your baby inches from the curb for the millionth time or babyproofing have you ready to pull out your (now graying) hair, remember: It’s just a phase. Trust us, “It’s just a phase” will become your new favorite parenting mantra. Bonus: This useful phrase is surprisingly versatile! You’ll likely be using it for one thing or another for, oh, the next 18 years or so.

What Can My Newborn See?

In these first few weeks your newborns’ retinas are developing and their pupils are widening, allowing them to see larger shapes, patterns, and some colors. They tend to focus on objects that are close to them—about 8 to 10 inches from their face. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), newborns are able to use their peripheral vision to sense things beside them, but their overall vision will still take months to develop.

In their first month, newborns are only able to see in black, white, and shades of gray, making them particularly sensitive to bright lights. That’s why it’s crucial if your infant is jaundiced that you use protective eyewear when using a biliblanket.

What does this mean for parents? Introducing your infant to black-and-white toys, books, and flashcards during this time can help them develop their optic nerves without overstimulating them. Bold, contrasting images are easier for them to see, and focus on, helping their eye muscles coordinate with the brain.

Your pediatrician will examine your baby’s eyes and check for anything that seems out of the ordinary during your first visits. They might refer you to an ophthalmologist for a more comprehensive exam if your baby was born prematurely or you have a family history of childhood eye disease.

What Babies Can See at 2-4 Months

At this age it’s totally normal for your baby’s eyes to appear crossed or even wander from side to side. Don’t panic! This is called pseudostrabismus, and it’s common in babies up to about 18 months old. As your child starts to grow into their features this usually goes away.

The American Optometric Association (AOA) notes that it’s around the two-month mark that babies are able to follow a moving object with their eyes. They will also start to focus on your face or the face of someone near them. If you do not notice this happening, talk with your pediatrician.

You can help your child build up their hand-eye coordination by using a rattle or toy and have them track it with their eyes. Encourage them to grab for objects and toys that are about eight to 12 inches out of reach.

Related: When Is the Right Time to Pierce a Baby’s Ears?

What Babies Can See at 5-8 Months

Blue? Hazel? Brown? It takes about a year for your baby’s eye color to settle, but any color changes will slow down around the six-month mark. During this time your baby’s depth perception is more fully developed, and they can see objects around them in more vivid detail. Their color vision is also developing and they might recognize your face from across a room and smile. It’ll make your heart swoon the first time it happens (ok, and all the other times too).

As your baby learns to crawl in these next few months, their vision will continue to grow stronger as they perfect their hand-eye coordination. Playing peekaboo and using mirrors is not only a great way to bond with your child, but these games help strengthen their vision and cognitive skills. Hanging a mobile in their crib also helps with hand-eye coordination.

A second eye screening should be done some time between the ages of six and 12 months. Your child’s pediatrician, or other health care professional, can explain what to expect during this exam.

What Babies Can See at 9-12 Months

Once your baby hits nine months, they should be able to judge distances and grasp for things with their thumb and forefinger. Ask your pediatrician for age-appropriate activities you can do with your baby to help develop their vision as they pass their first birthday.

When to Be Concerned

Remember, vision problems in babies are rare, however, there are times when problems may arise. Talk to your pediatrician if you notice your child has excessive tears, as this may be a sign of blocked tear ducts. Additionally, red or crusty eyelids could indicate an eye infection and should be treated right away.

Strabismus, or crossed eyes, is when the eyes do not line up properly and look in different directions. One eye may look straight ahead while the other eye turns in, out, up, or down. If your child’s eyes do not appear to align around four months, talk to your pediatrician about seeing an ophthalmologist.

1. Acknowledge (and Name) Their Feelings

The Situation: My daughter and I have spent a lot of time at the playground recently. If it were up to her, she’d play all day. Eventually, we have to go pick up a sibling from school or have lunch, or do something else. She’s disappointed we have to go and isn’t afraid to show it. Cue the toddler tantrum.

The Solution: Julietta Skoog, nationally certified school psychologist and co-founder of Sproutable, a company that supports parents in growing remarkable kids through classes, coaching, and video content, explains that tantrums are a form of communication—one that lets parents know their kids don’t feel understood. She suggests validating and acknowledging those feelings. Use simple phrases like “I can see you’re disappointed” or “I know you want to stay at the playground.” Neurologically speaking, when our kids are losing it, their feelings are on red alert. Naming their feeling triggers the amygdala (the part of our brain that processes emotions) and helps kids flip the switch to green. It reassures them, lets them regroup, and returns them to the rational side of their brain.

Bonus tip: If possible, let your kid have a situational do-over after they’ve recovered, like saying “bye-bye” to the playground.

2. Model Behavior

The Situation: I’ve had more than one night where I’m juggling making dinner while helping my big kids with homework when my toddler melts down. Whether she’s hungry, not getting enough attention, or just feels overwhelmed, she’s had enough and I’m feeling stretched.

The Strategy: Dr. Alison Scott, a Seattle-area pediatrician, offers a great reminder for situations like these. Toddlers don’t have the coping skills we do. Scott suggests parents show kids how it’s done by modeling appropriate behavior. Try saying something like, “I see you’re having a hard time. I’m having a hard time, too.” Then take a few deep breaths or find a quiet place to sit down. Basically, do what you do when you’re feeling overwhelmed. Your kids will notice and eventually follow suit.

Related: 6 Phrases to Avoid Saying to Your Toddler

3. Let Them Know What They Can Do

The Situation: If you know a toddler, you know how wildly stubborn they are. When my daughter wants to play with her sister’s off-limits toys or insists on going barefoot in the middle of winter, she’s not interested in being told “no.”

The Strategy: For these moments, Skoog explains that framing the situation as a positive—one you can say yes to—is a way to be firm but kind. So when my toddler melts down because her sister won’t let her play with her doll, a simple re-frame is in order: “Yes, you want to play dolls. Let’s go get your dolls so you can.” Similarly, letting her know “we can go outside when you’ve put your shoes on,” helps her see what she can do, rather than what she can’t.

Bonus tip: Be selective about saying no and don’t give in to tantrums because it might reinforce unwanted behavior.

4. Remove Yourself or Your Audience

The Situation: If you haven’t had a toddler lose it in public, are you even a parent? For all the times I’ve been in the toy aisle at Target and my daughter spies a must-have toy I have no intention of buying, the tantrum potential is high. It’s hard not to give in when you know it would stop that toddler tantrum.

The Strategy: Scott recommends an “extract and distract” approach. Skoog expands, saying parents can remove themselves from the environment or ask those they’re with to give them a minute. Finding a more private place lets kids know that you’ve got time and space to deal with whatever is going on. Once you’re out of the situation, it’s time to redirect or offer comfort. The goal here is “connection before correction.” Try softening your approach and getting down on the same level as your kiddo for extra impact.

Bonus tip: It’s natural to view our tot’s tantrums as a reflection of our parenting. But tantrums are a natural part of development, and when we remove our feelings from the situation, we can be more responsive, attentive, and attuned to what’s really going on.

5. Be Consistent with Routines

The Situation: Like all kids, toddlers love routine. But with two much-older kids, there are days my two-year-old doesn’t get to follow hers. She misses naps or stays up past bedtime on the regular, thanks so the noisy tween and teen down the hall.

The Strategy: If you have to disrupt the routine, be prepared. Watch for your kid’s cues, Scott says, and try to prevent the outburst. Pack extra snacks, bring along a lovey, or try to distract toddlers on the verge. The bottom line is, there’s no “secret sauce” to prevention. In that case, ignoring the tantrum is an option. Make sure your tot is safe and let it take its course.

According to Feeding Littles, you can begin with an open-mouth cup when your baby starts solids—the trick is to make sure your infant can swallow a small amount of water from the cup, regardless of whether they can hold it on their own. From there, move on to a cup with a straw. But how? In a TikTok, Cassidy Anderson, a mom of two, speech and language pathologist, and feeding therapist, shared her top tips for teaching just that.

@cassidyandkids

Replying to @Taylor Harding these are my favorite tried a true tips to get baby drinking from a straw cup! #strawcups #babybottles #babycups #toddlercups #wholemilktransition #weaningtips #breastfeedingtips #babytips #newparents #firsttimemom

♬ original sound – Cassidy Anderson & kids

Remember not to stress about how much water they’re drinking. Your baby gets all their hydration from breast milk and formula until age one, and we don’t want them guzzling too much or it takes up room in their tummy that’s better used for actual food. The goal is simply to get them used to water. So grab a straw cup, sit down with your babe, and try Anderson’s tips below. They’ll be sipping away in no time!

Related: 6 Common Mistakes Parents Make When Starting Solids

1. Make sure the straw isn’t too long.

A baby is a teething machine and they use their mouths to learn about the world around them. If the straw is too long, they’re more likely to chew on it instead of actually drinking. “I see a lot of the time that the straw is sticking out from the top too much. You can bring the straw down or cut it,” says Anderson.

2. Give your baby a flavorful incentive.

Putting a dab of yogurt, fruit puree, or even, gasp, ice cream on the top of the straw is a great way to get your baby interested in using a straw cup. “It’s as simple as just putting a bit on. You can model for them and see if they do it themselves,” explains Anderson.

3. Try the pipette method.

For this trick, you’ll need to suction water into the bottom of the straw by putting your finger on the top and then offering the water to your baby like you would feed a baby bird. “This will help them make the correct suction and learn what the straw is for,” says Anderson.

4. Get a soft cup they can squeeze.

In her video, Anderson shares her favorite honey bear straw cup, and while it’s an adorable silicone cup, the real reason she recommends it is because it’s soft, which allows parents to push the liquid up and motivates their baby to suck the water.

Teaching babies new skills takes time and patience, and if your child seems ready to tackle this oral-motor skill development, great! If not, no worries, they’ll get there soon. Every kiddo develops on their own schedule, and that’s perfectly fine. Before you know it, they’ll be a tween begging for a special-edition Stanley tumbler.

But don’t worry, we’re here to help! Pumping can be tricky if you’re new to it, and lots of things can happen, from sore nipples to figuring out how to use the breast pump in the first place. Beyond reading the manual, we’ve gathered a few breast pumping tips and tricks that’ll make the process easier. Trust us, we’ve been there! And as always, make a plan with your healthcare provider and lean on them with any questions or if you feel like something isn’t right.

1. You don’t have to rush to start pumping

When you first have your baby, you probably don’t have to worry about pumping. You’ll need to focus on developing a good latch and a good supply before starting a pumping schedule, though timing can vary if your baby is premature or has special needs. According to The Cleveland Clinic, it generally takes anywhere from four to six weeks before your supply is established and you know your flow patterns.

2. Good hygiene is a must

Scrub up before you hook up to your pump. Good hygiene is as important as ever when you’re handling pump parts! You’ll also want to rinse all the pieces that touch milk after each session, the sooner the better, and sterilize them once a day. In addition to sterilization, these parts can be cleaned in a wash basin in the sink or in the dishwasher.

3. Master the pump settings

Knowing how to use your pump is essential—because who wants to do all that work and not have a solid supply to show for it? As explained in What to Expect, if your pump has two-phase expression technology, you’ll want to start in letdown mode, which mimics your baby’s fast sucking, then switch to a higher setting like expression mode when the milk starts flowing. Another thing to remember is that faster isn’t always better, so adjust the suction level for comfort, not just the highest power. More suction doesn’t equal more milk!

4. Your nipples deserve some TLC

Breastfeeding is great for baby, but not so great for your nipples. You can do a few things to keep pain to a minimum. La Leche League experts recommend making sure your baby’s positioning and latch are correct to avoid unnecessary nipple issues, and making sure your bras aren’t too tight. To heal cracked or achy nipples, rub some breast milk on and air-dry them after each feeding (it’s like magic!), and consider using cooling gel pads or lanolin cream.

If you notice your nipples rubbing and chafing during pumping sessions, you might be using the wrong size flange (the part that looks like a funnel and fits over your breast). According to Medela, it should just fit over your areola but with enough space for the nipple to freely move back and forth in the flange. Blisters or chafing can also be a sign that you’re pumping at too high a setting, so try reducing the suction to ease discomfort.

5. To combine pumped milk… or not to combine

You can combine! But there’s a catch. According to the CDC, you should cool your fresh batch before mixing it with already cooled or frozen milk. And pay attention to the date on your previously stored milk. It can last in the fridge for up to four days before the properties that slow bacteria growth start to decline, and for about six months in the freezer. Breast milk shouldn’t be left on the counter for more than four hours.

6. Multitask like a boss

If you use a hands-free pump or pumping bra, you can use pumping time to catch up on emails, share a recent batch of baby pics, or binge-watch your favorite shows. After all, you’re producing food for your little one, why shouldn’t it come with a little “me time?” Have all your gear on hand before you start—snacks, water, remote, phone, etc. A couch caddy or armrest table is a great way to keep everything within arm’s reach.

7. Cleaning your gear: Sterilizer vs. microwave bags

If you’re torn between investing in a sterilizer or opting for microwave bags, you’re far from the first expecting parent to feel this way. While sterilizers are highly effective and can be used for bottles, tubes, and other parts, they aren’t cheap or convenient for travel or work.

Microwave bags are just as effective as sterilizers, but they can only be used a certain number of times before they aren’t as effective, and you’ll need a separate place to dry everything. So, in a perfect world, you might opt to use both, but if microwave bags make more sense, you’ll be just fine.

8. Pumping bras are a game-changer

The thought of sitting for 20 minutes doing nothing but holding breast pumps can almost make you want to skip pumping altogether. That’s why using a pumping bra is a must. You can snack, scroll your feeds, or even get work done. As a bonus, the bras are designed to fit most standard pumps, so you don’t have to buy any extra equipment other than the bra. (Hot tip: If you don’t feel like dropping cash on a pumping bra, take a sports bra and snip small holes over each nipple. It might not be as elegant, but it’ll do the trick!)

Related: The Breastfeeding Supplies Moms Swear By

9. Timing is everything

Healthline explains that breastfeeding moms “synthesize the hormone prolactin, which stimulates breast milk production,” overnight, so your best bet for pumping the most milk is right after your baby’s morning feed. Give it a go for 10-15 minutes and start your day. Leave it at that or keep pumping according to your routine and needs.

10. Power pump to boost supply

Breast milk responds to the rule of supply and demand, so the more you pump the more milk your body thinks you need. If you feel like your supply needs a boost, bring it up with a kind of pumping interval training to stimulate prolactin, the milk-making hormone. Pump for 20 minutes, then take 10 minutes off. Then pump for 10 minutes, and take another 10 minutes off. Do this for a few days and you’ll see an increase in your supply, says Happiest Baby. Just be sure not to skip any of your regularly scheduled feeds.

11. Keep a spare kit

This is a simple breast pumping tip, but it’s an important one—especially for working moms. If you’re on the go, keep a backup set of parts in your bag. There’s nothing worse than realizing you left a valve at home when your boobs are on the brink.

12. Use pumping time to bond with your baby

Yup, the simplest way to help boost your milk supply, according to What to Expect, is connecting with your baby. It can be anything from smelling their favorite blanket or looking at pictures of them to indulging in skin-on-skin time, or, if you’re up for it, nursing on one side and pumping on the other.

Our instinct is to say “No! Stop throwing your food” or “Don’t throw your plate.” But it’s very hard for babies and even toddlers to understand what ‘stop,’ ‘no,’ and ‘don’t’ mean, explains pediatric speech pathologist and mom of two Cassidy Anderson. That’s especially the case when those words land in the middle of a sentence, she says. Cassidy offers several alternatives when you are trying to curb this bad behavior. “What we want to do instead is to tell baby where we want the food, what the food is for, and leave that last [in the direction].”

@cassidyandkids

Lets stop that food throwing & get your baby/toddler actually eating #momtok #parentsoftiktok #startingsolids #toddlersoftiktok #toddlerbehavior #foodthrowing #babyledweaning #toddlermeals #babymeals #babyfood #pickyeater #pickytoddler #blwideas #babythrowingfood #slpsoftiktok #slpmom #newparents #parentingtips #firsttimemom

♬ original sound – Cassidy Anderson & kids

Some example phrases Cassidy suggests using instead of “We don’t throw food” are:

• “Food is for eating.”
• “We want it on.” (pointing to the tray)
• “Uh-oh. That food is all done.”
• “Throwing shows me all done.”
• “Keep the food on.” (pointing to the plate)

Once you’ve said this, and they throw again (like you know they will), you take the plate away from them and say, “Throwing shows me all done. I’m going to take this for now, and if you’re still hungry, you can try again.” Cassidy goes on to explain that if they reach out or say they are still hungry, then you give them the food again and say, “Food is for eating. Throwing shows me all done. Keep the food on.” If the child throws a third time, then they’re really all done, they get taken down from the high chair, and the food goes away.

Cassidy suggests handling it this way because we don’t “ever want food to feel like a reward or discipline. We want to try and stay as neutral as possible with our emotions. When you give a lot of attention to throwing and have big reactions when your baby or toddler throws, we know in child development that they are just probably going to do that more,” she explains. “We’re going to try and keep it cool and keep our language the same throughout.”

In a follow-up video, Cassidy provides a few other ways to curb the food-throwing habit:

• Take the tray off the high chair and move the child up to the table. This makes them feel like they are more a part of mealtime, and they’ll be less inclined to throw food off the sides.
• Offer an “all done bowl” where the child can discard things they don’t want to eat. This teaches that it is okay to not want to eat something, but it’s not okay to throw it on the floor.
• Change up their dinnerware. By introducing a new plate, cup, or piece of silverware, you are mixing things up, and the novelty makes them more interested.
• Sit at the table with your child for family mealtime (when possible). By modeling eating without the distractions of phones or TV, you are encouraging good eating habits for your kids.

These strategies aren’t going to work all the time, but maybe making a few of them part of your everyday routine will lead to less stressful mealtimes and less food wasted.